When to Bake Covered

🔹 To keep moisture in – Covering prevents the dish from drying out.
🔹 For even cooking – Helps ingredients cook through before browning.
🔹 For cheese or breadcrumbs on top (initially) – Prevents burning before the casserole is fully cooked.

Examples:
✅ Lasagna – Prevents the noodles from drying out.
✅ Rice or pasta casseroles – Ensures even cooking by trapping steam.
✅ Meat-based casseroles – Keeps meat tender while cooking.

When to Bake Uncovered

🔹 To get a crispy, golden-brown top – Great for cheese, breadcrumbs, or crispy toppings.
🔹 To thicken sauces – Allows excess moisture to evaporate.
🔹 For a firm texture – Helps the casserole set properly.

Examples:
✅ Mac and cheese – For a crunchy, golden crust.
✅ Potato gratin – Encourages browning and crispiness.
✅ Bread-based casseroles – Like stuffing or French toast bakes.

Best Approach? A Combination!

➡ Start covered, then uncover for the last 10–15 minutes to achieve a browned, crispy top while keeping the inside moist.